PREREQUISITES FOR MODIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF AUTOMOBILE DISC TYPE BRAKE MECHANISMS
https://doi.org/10.33815/2313-4763.2025.2.31.100-109
Abstract
The article deals with the analysis of the prerequisites for modifying the structure of automotive disc brake mechanisms. It is shown that the improvement of the technical level of brake mechanisms can be achieved through two main approaches – material-based and structural. The first approach focuses on enhancing the physical properties of the materials of the friction surfaces and is implemented through technologies for strengthening existing materials and developing new ones, particularly composite materials. The second approach aims to ensure a uniform distribution of load among the mechanism’s elements, including the brake pads and discs/drums. A structural analysis of a passenger car’s brake mechanism revealed that it contains seven independent circuits with fifteen redundant constraints. The analysis of the influence of these redundant constraints demonstrates that they can significantly affect the operation of the mechanism. In particular, the limitation of the pads’ rotational degrees of freedom prevents their self-alignment with the discs, which, together with uneven wear, may lead to an increase in the nonuniformity of load distribution between them. This, in turn, can cause fluctuations in the friction torque of the wheel mechanisms, resulting in vehicle judder during braking. Redundant constraints may also lead to abnormal loading of the mechanism’s elements, including assembly and operation under unintended stresses, which does not improve the quality of brake performance. In practice, the presence of redundant constraints is often compensated for by increasing clearances in the kinematic pairs, which leads to delayed brake actuation and additional dynamic loads. The obtained results indicate the feasibility of modifying the structure of brake mechanisms in order to reduce or eliminate redundant constraints.
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